Refactor ResponseCache usage

Adds a `.wrap` method to ResponseCache which wraps up the boilerplate of a
(get, set) pair, and then use it throughout the codebase.

This will be largely non-functional, but does include the following functional
changes:

* federation_server.on_context_state_request: drops use of _server_linearizer
  which looked redundant and could cause incorrect cache misses by yielding
  between the get and the set.
* RoomListHandler.get_remote_public_room_list(): fixes logcontext leaks
* the wrap function includes some logging. I'm hoping this won't be too noisy
  on production.