Ensure good comprehension hygiene using flake8-comprehensions.

* remove dh_params and set better cipher string

Broadly three things here:

* disable W504 which seems a bit whacko
* remove a bunch of `as e` expressions from exception handlers that don't use
  them
* use `r""` for strings which include backslashes

Also, we don't use pep8 any more, so we can get rid of the duplicate config
there.

https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/2755 broke log-config generation,
which in turn broke the unit tests.

Renames ``load_config`` to ``load_or_generate_config``
Adds a method called ``load_config`` that just loads the
config.

The main synapse.app.homeserver will continue to use
``load_or_generate_config`` to retain backwards compat.
However new worker processes can use ``load_config`` to
load the config avoiding some of the cruft needed to generate
the config.

As the new ``load_config`` method is expected to be used by new
configs it removes support for the legacy commandline overrides
that ``load_or_generate_config`` supports

Currently we store all access tokens in the DB, and fall back to that
check if we can't validate the macaroon, so our fallback works here, but
for guests, their macaroons don't get persisted, so we don't get to
find them in the database. Each restart, we generate a new ephemeral
key, so guests lose access after each server restart.

I tried to fix up the config stuff to be less insane, but gave up, so
instead I bolt on yet another piece of custom one-off insanity.

Also, add some basic tests for config generation and loading.