Part of #9744

Removes all redundant `# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-` lines from files, as python 3 automatically reads source code as utf-8 now.

`Signed-off-by: Jonathan de Jong <jonathan@automatia.nl&gt;`>

Part of #9366

Adds in fixes for B006 and B008, both relating to mutable parameter lint errors.

Signed-off-by: Jonathan de Jong <jonathan@automatia.nl>

 - Update black version to the latest
 - Run black auto formatting over the codebase
    - Run autoformatting according to [`docs/code_style.md
`](https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/blob/80d6dc9783aa80886a133756028984dbf8920168/docs/code_style.md)
 - Update `code_style.md` docs around installing black to use the correct version

Run `isort`, `flake8` and `black` over the `contrib/` directory and `synctl` script. The latter was already being done in CI, but now the linting script does it too.

Fixes https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/issues/7910

Allow Synapse to send registration emails + choose Synapse or an external server to handle 3pid validation (#5987)

This is a combination of a few different PRs, finally all being merged into `develop`:

* #5875 
* #5876 
* #5868 (This one added the `/versions` flag but the flag itself was actually [backed out](https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/commit/891afb57cbdf9867f2848341b29c75d6f35eef5a#diff-e591d42d30690ffb79f63bb726200891) in #5969. What's left is just giving /versions access to the config file, which could be useful in the future)
* #5835 
* #5969 
* #5940

Clients should not actually use the new registration functionality until https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/5972 is merged.

UPGRADE.rst, changelog entries and config file changes should all be reviewed closely before this PR is merged.

* Fix seven contrib files with Python syntax errors

Signed-off-by: cclauss <cclauss@me.com>

The documentation on get_json has been wrong ever since the very first commit
to synapse...

Functions from syutil.crypto.jsonsign are now available in
signedjson, so use that instead of depending on syutil.

Signed-off-by: Andrew Shadura <andrew@shadura.me>