Signed-off-by: Marcus Hoffmann <bubu@bubu1.eu>
Signed-off-by: Dirk Klimpel <dirk@klimpel.org>

* Simplify `start_listening` callpath

* Correctly check the size of uploaded files

Part of #9744

Removes all redundant `# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-` lines from files, as python 3 automatically reads source code as utf-8 now.

`Signed-off-by: Jonathan de Jong <jonathan@automatia.nl&gt;`>

Part of #9366

Adds in fixes for B006 and B008, both relating to mutable parameter lint errors.

Signed-off-by: Jonathan de Jong <jonathan@automatia.nl>

Addresses https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse-dinsic/issues/70

This PR causes `ProxyAgent` to attempt to extract credentials from an `HTTPS_PROXY` env var. If credentials are found, a `Proxy-Authorization` header ([details](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Proxy-Authorization)) is sent to the proxy server to authenticate against it. The headers are *not* passed to the remote server.

Also added some type hints.

By consuming the response if the headers imply that the
content is too large.

### Changes proposed in this PR

- Add support for the `no_proxy` and `NO_PROXY` environment variables
  - Internally rely on urllib's [`proxy_bypass_environment`](https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/bdb941be423bde8b02a5695ccf51c303d6204bed/Lib/urllib/request.py#L2519)
- Extract env variables using urllib's `getproxies`/[`getproxies_environment`](https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/bdb941be423bde8b02a5695ccf51c303d6204bed/Lib/urllib/request.py#L2488

) which supports lowercase + uppercase, preferring lowercase, except for `HTTP_PROXY` in a CGI environment

This does contain behaviour changes for consumers so making sure these are called out:
- `no_proxy`/`NO_PROXY` is now respected
- lowercase `https_proxy` is now allowed and taken over `HTTPS_PROXY`

Related to #9306 which also uses `ProxyAgent`

Signed-off-by: Timothy Leung <tim95@hotmail.co.uk>

This reduces the memory usage of previewing media files which
end up larger than the `max_spider_size` by avoiding buffering
content internally in treq.

It also checks the `Content-Length` header in additional places
instead of streaming the content to check the body length.

 - Update black version to the latest
 - Run black auto formatting over the codebase
    - Run autoformatting according to [`docs/code_style.md
`](https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/blob/80d6dc9783aa80886a133756028984dbf8920168/docs/code_style.md)
 - Update `code_style.md` docs around installing black to use the correct version

Previously this code generated unreferenced `Deferred` instances
which caused "Unhandled Deferreds" errors to appear in error
situations.

It is expected that the proxy would be on a private IP address so the
configured proxy should be connected to regardless of the IP range
blacklist.

This was never used, so let's get rid of it.

The two are equivalent, but really we want to check the HTTP result that got
returned to the channel, not the code that the Request object *intended* to
return to the channel.

Replaces the `federation_ip_range_blacklist` configuration setting with an
`ip_range_blacklist` setting with wider scope. It now applies to:

* Federation
* Identity servers
* Push notifications
* Checking key validitity for third-party invite events

The old `federation_ip_range_blacklist` setting is still honored if present, but
with reduced scope (it only applies to federation and identity servers).

Where we want to render a request against a specific Resource, call the global
make_request() function rather than the one in HomeserverTestCase, allowing us
to pass in an appropriate `Site`.

* Remove `on_timeout_cancel` from `timeout_deferred`

The `on_timeout_cancel` param to `timeout_deferred` wasn't always called on a
timeout (in particular if the canceller raised an exception), so it was
unreliable. It was also only used in one place, and to be honest it's easier to
do what it does a different way.

* Fix handling of connection timeouts in outgoing http requests

Turns out that if we get a timeout during connection, then a different
exception is raised, which wasn't always handled correctly.

To fix it, catch the exception in SimpleHttpClient and turn it into a
RequestTimedOutError (which is already a documented exception).

Also add a description to RequestTimedOutError so that we can see which stage
it failed at.

* Fix incorrect handling of timeouts reading federation responses

This was trapping the wrong sort of TimeoutError, so was never being hit.

The effect was relatively minor, but we should fix this so that it does the
expected thing.

* Fix inconsistent handling of `timeout` param between methods

`get_json`, `put_json` and `delete_json` were applying a different timeout to
the response body to `post_json`; bring them in line and test.

Co-authored-by: Patrick Cloke <clokep@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Erik Johnston <erik@matrix.org>

Some Linux distros have begun disabling TLSv1.0 and TLSv1.1 by default
for security reasons, for example in Fedora 33 onwards:

https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/StrongCryptoSettings2



Use TLSv1.2 for the fake TLS servers created in the test suite, to avoid
failures due to OpenSSL disallowing TLSv1.0:

    <twisted.python.failure.Failure OpenSSL.SSL.Error: [('SSL routines',
    'ssl_choose_client_version', 'unsupported protocol')]>

Signed-off-by: Dan Callaghan <djc@djc.id.au>

* Pull Sentinel out of LoggingContext

... and drop a few unnecessary references to it

* Factor out LoggingContext.current_context

move `current_context` and `set_context` out to top-level functions.

Mostly this means that I can more easily trace what's actually referring to
LoggingContext, but I think it's generally neater.

* move copy-to-parent into `stop`

this really just makes `start` and `stop` more symetric. It also means that it
behaves correctly if you manually `set_log_context` rather than using the
context manager.

* Replace `LoggingContext.alive` with `finished`

Turn `alive` into `finished` and make it a bit better defined.

Extends #5794 etc to the SimpleHttpClient so that it also applies to non-federation requests.

Fixes #7092.

The `http_proxy` and `HTTPS_PROXY` env vars can be set to a `host[:port]` value which should point to a proxy.

The address of the proxy should be excluded from IP blacklists such as the `url_preview_ip_range_blacklist`.

The proxy will then be used for
 * push
 * url previews
 * phone-home stats
 * recaptcha validation
 * CAS auth validation

It will *not* be used for:
 * Application Services
 * Identity servers
 * Outbound federation
 * In worker configurations, connections from workers to masters

Fixes #4198.