* Consistently use room_id from federation request body

Some federation APIs have a redundant `room_id` path param (see
https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-doc/issues/2330). We should make sure we
consistently use either the path param or the body param, and the body param is
easier.

* Kill off some references to "context"

Once upon a time, "rooms" were known as "contexts". I think this kills of the
last references to "contexts".

Add `GET /_synapse/admin/v1/statistics/users/media` to get statisics about local media usage by users.
Related to #6094
It is the first API for statistics.
Goal is to avoid/reduce usage of sql queries like [Wiki analyzing Synapse](https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/wiki/SQL-for-analyzing-Synapse-PostgreSQL-database-stats

)

Signed-off-by: Dirk Klimpel <dirk@klimpel.org>

Add `displayname` to Shared-Secret Registration for admins to `POST /_synapse/admin/v1/register`

I idly noticed that these lists were out of sync with each other, causing us to miss a table in a test case (`local_invites`). Let's consolidate this list instead to prevent this from happening in the future.

Fixes #4042

We don't always need the full power of a DeferredCache.

Fixes #6755

* Fix unit tests

* Newsfile

We do it this way round so that only the "owner" can delete the access token (i.e. `/logout/all` by the "owner" also deletes that token, but `/logout/all` by the "target user" doesn't).

A future PR will add an API for creating such a token.

When the target user and authenticated entity are different the `Processed request` log line will be logged with a: `{@admin:server as @bob:server} ...`. I'm not convinced by that format (especially since it adds spaces in there, making it harder to use `cut -d ' '` to chop off the start of log lines). Suggestions welcome.

This modifies the configuration of structured logging to be usable from
the standard Python logging configuration.

This also separates the formatting of logs from the transport allowing
JSON logs to files or standard logs to sockets.

Add an admin API `GET /_synapse/admin/v1/users/<user_id>/pushers` like https://matrix.org/docs/spec/client_server/latest#get-matrix-client-r0-pushers

This allows trailing commas in multi-line arg lists.

Minor, but we might as well keep our formatting current with regard to
our minimum supported Python version.

Signed-off-by: Dan Callahan <danc@element.io>

Add admin API `GET /_synapse/admin/v1/users/<user_id>/media` to get information of users' uploaded files.

Split admin API for reported events in detail und list view.
API was introduced with #8217 in synapse v.1.21.0.

It makes the list (`GET /_synapse/admin/v1/event_reports`) less complex and provides a better overview.
The details can be queried with: `GET /_synapse/admin/v1/event_reports/<report_id>`.
It is similar to room and users API.

It is a kind of regression in `GET /_synapse/admin/v1/event_reports`.  `event_json` was removed. But the api was introduced one version before and it is an admin API (not under spec).

Signed-off-by: Dirk Klimpel <dirk@klimpel.org>

Related to: #6459, #3479

Add `DELETE /_synapse/admin/v1/media/<server_name>/<media_id>` to delete
a single file from server.

If the user was not in any rooms then the API returned the same error
as if the user did not exist.

#8567 started a span for every background process. This is good as it means all Synapse code that gets run should be in a span (unless in the sentinel logging context), but it means we generate about 15x the number of spans as we did previously.

This PR attempts to reduce that number by a) not starting one for send commands to Redis, and b) deferring starting background processes until after we're sure they're necessary.

I don't really know how much this will help.

This can happen if e.g. the room invited into is no longer on the
server (or if all users left the room).

* Limit AS transactions to 100 events

* Update changelog.d/8606.feature

Co-authored-by: Andrew Morgan <1342360+anoadragon453@users.noreply.github.com>

* Add tests

* Update synapse/appservice/scheduler.py

Co-authored-by: Andrew Morgan <1342360+anoadragon453@users.noreply.github.com>

This should (theoretically) allow for using the TCP code with a different output type
and make it easier to use the JSON code with files / console.

We need to make sure we are readu for the `set_cache_factor` callback.

* Add `DeferredCache.get_immediate` method

A bunch of things that are currently calling `DeferredCache.get` are only
really interested in the result if it's completed. We can optimise and simplify
this case.

* Remove unused 'default' parameter to DeferredCache.get()

* another get_immediate instance

rather than have everything that instantiates an LruCache manage metrics
separately, have LruCache do it itself.

This implements a more standard API for instantiating a homeserver and
moves some of the dependency injection into the test suite.

More concretely this stops using `setattr` on all `kwargs` passed to `HomeServer`.

Optionally sends typing, presence, and read receipt information to appservices.